The armor I created in the editor will only show up in the item bar inside the game, is there any way to show it on my body as well?

You need to change its Worn texture. Unfortunately, this only works for players with Optifine. Before changing the worn texture, you need to create a Worn armor texture (see Edit item set -> Textures -> Worn armor textures).

Closing this due to inactivity. Feel free to reopen this when needed.