Currently (Apotheosis 8.3.4 in Minecraft 1.21.1, Craftoria 1.20.3), all affixes can be upgraded in the Augmentation Table, including affixes whose effect is independent of their internal strength.

Would it be possible for Apotheosis to detect if none of an affix's effects depend on the internal strength of that affix, and to disallow upgrading of the affix if that is the case?

Affixes which would be affected by this include but are not limited to the sandforming and stoneforming affixes, the telepathic affix, the omnetic affix, and the supermassive affix.

At the current time there's no standardized method to know if an affix improves with level. It would first require adding a new API to Affix to query that information.