I can't seem to figure out what the permission for allowing someone to use /lp user info would be.

I gave the permission luckperms.info however it doesn't seem to work.
It just shows:
https://i.imgur.com/B1jU9Cj.png

Running on LP 4.3.64

You can see the permission for it on:

https://github.com/lucko/LuckPerms/wiki/Command-Usage:-Permission#lp-usergroup-usergroup-permission-info

Additionally there’s the verbose command which you can use for debugging permissions.
Details can be found on its wiki page.