This could very well be an issue on my side, as I'm relatively new to modding.
I've annotated my AbstractContainerScreen with @MouseTweaksDisableWheelTweak and it works when I fire up the game in Intellij but it stops working when I build it and use it in a regular game instance.

I'm setting up the dep to mousetweaks using curse maven:
compileOnly fg.deobf("curse.maven:mousetweaks-60089:5338457")

Minecraft: 1.20.1
Modloader: Forge 47.3.0
Mod version: 2.25.1

Uhh unfortunately I myself have very little idea of what I'm doing with regards to obfuscation and annotations. So, not sure

Do you happen to know of any mods that make use of this feature?

I did GitHub search for it at times, there are a few, yeah. I don't recall off the top of my head tho.

It seems like both fg.deobf() and without deobfuscation is used interchangeably by other mods, it likely makes no difference at least in my testing.
Both seem to work in dev, but not in release.