It will either lure any of the feedable mobs despite the food in it (in 1.20 mobs only are lured if the correct food is in it), or will completely broke and not lure any mob at all.
Mobs will eat if the correct food is in it and they happen to walk nearby.
I don't know what causes it to stop luring the mobs.

I haven't been able to replicate the behavior

yeah it's weird.. there's only wheat in this one, pigs are lured as well as cows, pigs are completely frozen there until pushed.

edit: chimken too