Bear meat was dropped in 1.12.2 and seems to be expected in 1.18.2 (referenced in game and here:

It looks like it is missing from the corresponding loot tables. For example, grizzly only has bone and large hide (https://github.com/TerraFirmaCraft/TerraFirmaCraft/blob/7154347e6f82d9a7ccbe40be05aea6192c619fd6/src/main/resources/data/tfc/loot_tables/entities/grizzly_bear.json) while horse includes its meat, bone, and medium hide (https://github.com/TerraFirmaCraft/TerraFirmaCraft/blob/506e2d6f4b5a0b6e1f2d70577e1c574fe28f129e/src/main/resources/data/tfc/loot_tables/entities/horse.json).

Predators in 1.18 dont drop meat anymore. This is intentional.

Not sure why that change was made (them dropping meat made sense) but I suspect my confusion was that the items still show up in JEI, even though they are not dropped in game. It seemed conspicuously missing.