Strays that spawn naturally, as opposed to through commands or spawn eggs, do not have bows, and can only perform melee attacks. I am unsure if this only affects strays spawned by Windswept! in Snowy Taigas, Frozen Oceans, etc. or if it also affects vanilla strays in biomes like Ice Spikes and Snowy Plains.
I will update this description if/when I get to do more specific testing, such as with strays in biomes that normally spawn strays in vanilla anyway.